The autonomous region of Valencia is one of the regions whose economy has been historically more open to connections abroad. Since the 1950s it has been gaining its share in the population of the country as a whole, as well as in aggregate production, and these two aspects have determined that its income per capita has since then remained very close to the Spanish average. This study analyzes the structural changes in the economy of Valencia, among them growth in the industrial sector to the detriment of the agrarian sector, and the greater weight of the public sector. The research is part of the framework of collaboration between the BBV Foundation and the Valencian Institute for Economic Research (IVIE) for the study of the regional Spanish economy.