The decade of the 1980s saw public expenditure on transfers increase in all the OECD countries. This study makes a number of suggestions on the distribution of this expenditure between Spanish autonomous regions. The aim of the research is to analyze what is deducted from the contribution in per capita terms of the main transfer expenditure, with the aim of contributing to the discussion on the equity of distributing income or financing public expenditure. It also analyzes the possibilities of the survival of the current pension system.