Decision-making in the healthcare environment tends to be very complex. The cases presented in this study are related to the management of health systems, although many of the situations faced by administrators and those in executive positions in healthcare organizations are not analytically different from problems in other industries. The study incorporates some methodologies from Operational Research, such as linear programming and queue management, although mathematical complexity is kept to a minimum. There are two kinds of target readers for this volume: administrators and students on a postgraduate or Master’s course in the management and administration of healthcare institutions.